Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2019 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 5 Articles
Vaccination is the most functional medical intervention to prophylactically control severe\ndiseases caused by human-to-human or animal-to-human transmissible viral pathogens. Annually,\nseasonal influenza epidemics attack human populations leading to 290-650 thousand deaths/year\nworldwide. Recently, a novel Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus emerged. Together,\nthose two viruses present a significant public health burden in areas where they circulate. Herein,\nwe generated a bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs)-based vaccine presenting the antigenic\nstable chimeric fusion protein of the H1-type haemagglutinin (HA) of the pandemic influenza A\nvirus (H1N1) strain from 2009 (H1N1pdm09) and the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the Middle\nEast Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) (OMVs-H1/RBD). Our results showed that\nthe chimeric antigen could induce specific neutralizing antibodies against both strains leading to\nprotection of immunized mice against H1N1pdm09 and efficient neutralization of MERS-CoV. This\nstudy demonstrate that OMVs-based vaccines presenting viral antigens provide a safe and reliable\napproach to protect against two different viral infections....
A correlation between impaired bone metabolism, chronic kidney disease, and\ncardiovascular diseases (CVD) has been suggested. This study aimed to compare the effects of\ndenosumab and alendronate, two anti-resorptive agents, on cardiovascular and renal outcomes in\nosteoporotic patients. Propensity score-matched cohort study comparing denosumab to alendronate\nusers between January 2005 and December 2017 was conducted from a large medical organization in\nTaiwan. Risks of CVD development and renal function decline were estimated using Cox proportional\nhazard regression. A total 2523 patients were recruited in each group. No significant difference in\ncardiovascular events was found between the two groups over a 5-year study period...........................
Background: Switching from reference infliximab (RI) to biosimilar infliximab (BI) had no\ndetrimental effects on efficacy and safety. However, long-term follow-up data is missing. Objective:\nTo evaluate patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) in clinical remission who were switching from\nRI to BI, in terms of the safety and efficacy of this, in a long-term fashion. Methods: One hundred\nand nine consecutive unselected AS patients were investigated. All were naïve to other biologics and\nwere followed-up at predefined times receiving RI. Patients in clinical remission were asked to switch\nfrom RI to BI. Those who switched to BI were compared with a matched control-group receiving\ncontinuous RI. During follow-up, several parameters were recorded for at least 18 months. Disease\nactivity wasmeasured using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI), and the\nAnkylosing Spondylitis disease activity score (ASDAS), using the C-reactive protein. Remission was\ndefined as BASDAI < 4 and ASDAS < 1.3. Results: Eighty-eight patients were evaluated (21 excluded\nfor different reasons). From those, 45 switched to BI, while 43 continued receiving RI. No differences\nbetween groups regarding demographic, clinical and laboratory parameterswere observed.All patients\nwere in clinical remission. During follow-up, five patients from the BI-group and three from the\nmaintenance-group discontinued the study (4 patients nocebo effect, 1 loss of efficacy). After 18months\nof treatment, all patients in both groups remained in clinical remission. No significant adverse events\nwere noted between groups. Conclusion: BI is equivalent to RI in maintaining AS in clinical remission\nfor at least 18 months....
Four 4-hydroxy-ff-pyrones including three new ones named nipyrones A-C (1-3) together\nwith one known analogue germicidin C (4) were discovered from a marine sponge-derived fungus\nAspergillus niger cultivated in a solid rice culture. Their structures and absolute configurations were\nelucidated through a combination of spectroscopic data and electronic circular dichroism (ECD)\ncalculations as well as comparison with literature data. Compounds 1-4 were evaluated for their\nantibacterial activities against five pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus\nsubtilis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis). Compound 3\nshowed promising activity against S. aureus and B. subtilis, with minimum inhibitory concentration\n(MIC) values of 8 ffg/mL and 16 ffg/mL, respectively, and displayed weak antitubercular activities\nagainst M. tuberculosis, with MIC value of 64 ffg/mL, while compounds 1 and 2 exhibited moderate\nantibacterial effcacy against four pathogenic bacteria with MIC values of 32-64 ffg/mL....
Adenovirus vectored vaccines are a highly eective strategy to induce cellular immune\nresponses which are particularly eective against intracellular pathogens. Recombinant simian\nadenovirus vectors were developed to circumvent the limitations imposed by the use of human\nadenoviruses due to widespread seroprevalence of neutralising antibodies. We have constructed\na replication deficient simian adenovirus-vectored vaccine (ChAdOx2) expressing 4 genes from\nthe Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (AhpC, Gsd, p12 and mpa). Safety and T-cell\nimmunogenicity results of the first clinical use of the ChAdOx2 vector are presented here. The trial\nwas conducted using a â??three-plus-threeâ?? dose escalation study design. We demonstrate the vaccine is\nsafe, well tolerated and immunogenic....
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